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Periodic Table

Histological Application of Elements

Click on an element in the table below for basic and histological information about that element.

Tap on an element in the table below for basic and histological information about that element. Scroll left and right to view all the elements on the table.

7
N
Nitrogen
14.007

Histological Significance

Nitrogen compounds are of fundamental importance. Amino groups are present in both tissues and dyes, and take part in numerous histological reactions. Many dyes we use are based on the azo (-N=N-) and other nitrogen containing chromophores.

Element Properties

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Atomic Mass:

14.007

Oxidation Number:

±1, ±2, ±3, 4, 5

State (Room Temperature):

Gas

Electronegativity:

3.0

Shell:

2, 5

Structure:

1s22s22p3

Melting Point °C:

63.15

Boiling Point °C:

77.36

Specific Gravity:

0.808

Number of Isotopes:

2

Isotope:

14

Isotope AMU:

14.003074

Abundance:

99.6327

Discoverer:

Rutherford 1772

Additional Information

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Nitrogen compounds are of fundamental importance. Amino groups are present in tissues in amino acids and as reactive side groups on proteins. Likewise, basic dyes invariably have one or more reactive amino groups. Positively charged amino groups both on dyes and proteins are involved in numerous histological reactions with corresponding negatively charged carboxyl or hydroxyl groups also found on dyes and proteins or other tissue components. A major class of dyes is the azo class. These are very commonly used histologically. They are based on the azo (-N=N-) chromophore. Nitrogen is also found in the chromophores of other dye classes as well.   
1
H
1.008
2
He
4.003
3
Li
7.000
4
Be
9.012
5
B
10.810
6
C
12.011
7
N
14.007
8
O
15.999
9
F
18.998
10
Ne
20.180
11
Na
22.990
12
Mg
24.305
13
Al
26.982
14
Si
28.085
15
P
30.974
16
S
32.070
17
Cl
35.450
18
Ar
39.900
19
K
39.098
20
Ca
40.080
21
Sc
44.956
22
Ti
47.867
23
V
50.941
24
Cr
51.996
25
Mn
54.938
26
Fe
55.840
27
Co
58.933
28
Ni
58.693
29
Cu
63.550
30
Zn
65.400
31
Ga
69.723
32
Ge
72.630
33
As
74.922
34
Se
78.970
35
Br
79.900
36
Kr
83.800
37
Rb
85.468
38
Sr
87.620
39
Y
88.906
40
Zr
91.220
41
Nb
92.906
42
Mo
95.950
43
Tc
96.906
44
Ru
101.100
45
Rh
102.906
46
Pd
106.420
47
Ag
107.868
48
Cd
112.410
49
In
114.818
50
Sn
118.710
51
Sb
121.760
52
Te
127.600
53
I
126.904
54
Xe
131.290
55
Cs
132.905
56
Ba
137.330
57-71
72
Hf
178.490
73
Ta
180.948
74
W
183.840
75
Re
186.207
76
Os
190.200
77
Ir
192.220
78
Pt
195.080
79
Au
196.967
80
Hg
200.590
81
Tl
204.383
82
Pb
207.000
83
Bi
208.980
84
Po
208.982
85
At
209.987
86
Rn
222.018
87
Fr
223.020
88
Ra
226.025
89-103
104
Rf
267.122
105
Db
268.126
106
Sg
269.128
107
Bh
270.133
108
Hs
269.134
109
Mt
277.154
110
Ds
282.166
111
Rg
282.169
112
Cn
286.179
113
Nh
286.182
114
Fl
290.192
115
Mc
290.196
116
Lv
293.205
117
Ts
294.211
118
Og
295.216
57
La
138.905
58
Ce
140.116
59
Pr
140.908
60
Nd
144.240
61
Pm
144.913
62
Sm
150.400
63
Eu
151.964
64
Gd
157.200
65
Tb
158.925
66
Dy
162.500
67
Ho
164.930
68
Er
167.260
69
Tm
168.934
70
Yb
173.050
71
Lu
174.967
89
Ac
227.028
90
Th
232.038
91
Pa
231.036
92
U
238.029
93
Np
237.048
94
Pu
244.064
95
Am
243.061
96
Cm
247.070
97
Bk
247.070
98
Cf
251.080
99
Es
252.083
100
Fm
257.095
101
Md
258.098
102
No
259.101
103
Lr
266.120

Legend

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Atomic
Number

Symbol

Element Name

#FDF2E5 Alkaline metals
#F5B466 Alkaline earth metals
#EFEEEE Transition metals
#D8D8D8 Lanthanide
#B5B5B5 Actinide
#E4DFED Post-transition metals
#AA9AC3 Metalloid
#F9D3A6 Nonmetals
#ECE7B9 Halogen
#CE9DCA Noble gas

Terms

|
  • Element: The name of the element.
  • Symbol: The symbol of the element.
  • Atomic Number: The element's order in the table. The number of protons.
  • Atomic Mass: The standard atomic weight of the element.
  • Oxidation Number: The possible charges an atom can have.
  • State (Room Temperature): Whether it is a gas, liquid or solid at room temperature, or a synthetic element.
  • Electronegativity: The ability to attract electrons for covalent bonds according to the Pauling scale.
  • Shell: Electron shells of the atom.
  • Structure: Electron configuration of the atom.
  • Melting Point °C: Melting point in degrees Celsius.
  • Boiling Point °C: Boiling point in degrees Celsius.
  • Specific Gravity: Specific gravity.
  • Number of Isotopes: Number of naturally occurring “stable” isotopes.
  • Isotope: Most abundant isotope.
  • Isotope AMU: Relative AMU of the most abundant isotope.
  • Abundance: Abundance of the specified isotope as a percentage.
  • Discoverer: Who discovered it and the date, or whether it is a prehistorically known material.

References

|
  1. Alessandri, Stefano
    Periodic Table of the Elements
    TheMeter Internet web site.
  2. Uno Kask
    Chemistry: Structure and Changes of Matter
    Barnes and Noble Inc., New York, NY., U.S.A
  3. The Periodic Table of Elements on the Internet
  4. Wikipedia under "Periodic Table" and individual elements
  5. Dreamweaver Periodic Table
  6. PubChem Periodic Table of Elements